An excellent article on the so called Liberal World Order.
https://eng.globalaffairs.ru/articles/liberal-international-order/

On Thursday, December 29, 2022 at 2:03:04 PM UTC, ltlee1 wrote:
> An excellent article on the so called Liberal World Order.
> https://eng.globalaffairs.ru/articles/liberal-international-order/

"Abstract
It is commonly known that the Liberal International Order (LIO) emerged after World War II and reached its pinnacle in the 1990s when its key proponent―the United States―enjoyed a hegemonic position on the global scene. However, the LIO’s true roots should be traced to much earlier times, to the late 18th century, when two distinct tracks, economic and political, emerged in European politics. Observers tend to overlook the LIO’s dual nature formed by these two tracks, thereby missing its key inherent problem. While the LIO’s economic track may be acceptable to all, its political track, embodied in the Democratic Peace concept, serves only to polarize the world. Importantly, the current discourse on the LIO is taking place at a post-hegemonic time. So, those who keep insisting on the possibility of saving the LIO, which was relevant for a short liberal hegemonic era, miss the point that the current diverse world requires a new kind of international order."

The article delineates the duality of the Liberal International Order: One economic and one political.
Actually both aspects of the Liberal international order is dynamic, not static as many American
commentators seem to assume.
The article also makes clear the dynamism of the political track. The Atlanticists won the Cold War.
But it only means the Atlanticist side had better managers. Not necessarily means Atlanticists have better
or more suitable values. The Non-alliance movement waxes and wanes but does not disappear.

Not part of the article, the economic track which changed from the John Maynard Keynes/Harry Dexter
White and gold based economic world order to a dollar based economic world order. A dollar based
economic world zone creates a large dollar zone. The dollar zone benefits export orientated nations at
the cost the US as soon as the latter turned itself from a credit nation to a debtor nation.